Franz fanon hyper visible11/8/2023 ![]() ![]() In 1951, he began his residency in psychiatry at Saint-Alban-sur-Limagnole under the mentorship of psychiatrists François Tosquelles and Jean Oury. The hollowness of European ideals instilled in Fanon a skepticism that would remain throughout his career.Īfter the war, Fanon traveled to Lyon, France, to study literature, philosophy, and medicine. In serving, Fanon was only further exposed to European racism and to the hypocrisy of allied forces, who, while proclaiming to fight for universal liberty, stratified their military forces into racial hierarchies. However, a global humanitarian at his core, at the age of 18, Fanon joined the Free French Army, the military force of the exiled French government attempting to regain control of Nazi-occupied France. This only heightened Fanon's contempt for the injustices of colonial power ( 3). The occupying Vichy French regime exploited many of the resources of Martinique and, in conflict with the locals, unmasked themselves as oppressive racists. Fanon frequently referenced Césaire in his writings and embraced his uncompromising literary style.Īfter France was invaded by the Nazis in 1940, Martinique, which prior to the war had around 2,000 European residents, saw an influx of thousands of French sailors, who took control of the government, removing previously elected black officials ( 2). Césaire wrote passionately on African identity and the existential torment evoked by slavery and colonialism. In 1945, Césaire became mayor of Fort-de-France, with support from Fanon and the French communist party. There he came to admire the poet and cofounder of the négritude movement, Aimé Césaire. Coming from a middle-class family, Fanon was afforded an education at the island's prestigious secondary school, Lycée Schoelcher. With this new focus, Fanon's works merit revisiting because they are just as relevant today as they were 60 years ago.įanon was born July 20, 1925, in Fort-de-France, the capital of the Caribbean island of Martinique, at the time a French colony ( 1). Within the field of psychiatry, there is renewed effort to explore how systemic racism affects our patients' lives and to confront the national racial injustices that permeate our institutional practice. Fanon's depictions of imperialist power are echoed by recent police killings of Black Americans, which have prompted public evaluation of privilege and culpability in perpetuating systemic racism. His writings have been touted by intellectuals from Jean Paul Sartre to Malcolm X and have inspired activists in the National Liberation Front, Black Panthers, and, more recently, the Black Lives Matter movement. The psychiatrist Frantz Fanon, best known for his works Black Skin, White Masks and The Wretched of the Earth, is a theorist famous for his impassioned writings on revolution and the psychological impacts of racial inequality and colonization. Frantz Fanon, The Wretched of the Earth, 1961 We revolt simply because, for many reasons, we can no longer breathe." "When we revolt it's not for a particular culture.
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